This title slide is titled "Kondisi India Sebelum dan Sesudah Dinasti Mughal," meaning "The Condition of India Before and After the Mughal Dynasty." Its subtitle offers an overview of India's long history, emphasizing the Mughal era as the peak of national unification.

Kondisi India Sebelum dan Sesudah Dinasti Mughal

Gambaran umum sejarah panjang India dan pentingnya masa Dinasti Mughal sebagai puncak penyatuan.

The Indus Valley Civilization featured advanced cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro with sophisticated drainage and urban planning systems. It engaged in extensive trade with Mesopotamia before collapsing around 2000 BC due to floods or drought.

Peradaban Lembah Sungai Indus

• Kota maju: Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro
• Sistem drainase dan tata kota canggih
• Perdagangan luas dengan Mesopotamia
• Keruntuhan ~2000 SM akibat banjir/kekeringan

The slide covers the arrival of the Aryan people in India around 1500 BC during the Vedic period. They introduced Sanskrit and the Vedas, sparking the birth of Hinduism and the caste system, with Buddhism emerging as a response.

Kedatangan Bangsa Arya (Masa Weda)

• Bangsa Arya masuk ke India ~1500 SM.
• Memperkenalkan bahasa Sanskerta & kitab Weda.
• Lahirnya Hindu dan sistem kasta.
• Buddha muncul sebagai respons terhadap Weda.

The slide "Pengaruh Asing Awal" explores early foreign influences on India from Persia and Greece. It covers Alexander the Great's invasion in 326 BC and its impacts on Indian art, coins, and philosophy.

Pengaruh Asing Awal

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• Pengaruh Persia dan Yunani pada India
• Invasi Aleksander Agung tahun 326 SM
• Dampak pada seni, koin, dan filsafat India

Source: Wikipedia

The Maurya Empire was founded by Chandragupta in 322 BC, uniting northern India, and peaked under Asoka in 268 BC when he spread Buddhism after the Kalinga War. The Gupta Empire began in 320 AD, ushering in a golden age of Hindu civilization, science, and arts by 400 AD under Chandragupta II, before collapsing around 550 AD due to invasions and internal divisions.

Kekaisaran Maurya dan Gupta

322 SM: Chandragupta Maurya Dirikan Kekaisaran Chandragupta Maurya mengalahkan Dinasti Nanda dan menyatukan sebagian besar India utara. 268 SM: Raja Asoka Sebarkan Buddha Setelah Perang Kalinga, Asoka memeluk Buddha dan menyebarkannya ke seluruh Asia Tenggara. 320 M: Chandragupta I Dirikan Gupta Dimulainya Kekaisaran Gupta yang menjadi masa keemasan peradaban Hindu di India. 400 M: Keemasan Gupta: Sains Berkembang Perkembangan matematika, astronomi, kedokteran, dan seni di bawah Chandragupta II. 550 M: Kemunduran dan Perpecahan India Gupta runtuh akibat invasi Hun, perpecahan internal, dan melemahnya kekuasaan pusat.

Source: Sejarah India Kuno

This section header slide, titled "Kesultanan Delhi" (Section 06), introduces the Delhi Sultanate. It highlights its establishment in the 13th century, the spread of Islam in northern India, and political instability until the 16th century.

Kesultanan Delhi

06

Kesultanan Delhi

Berdiri abad ke-13, Islam menyebar di utara India, ketidakstabilan politik hingga abad ke-16.

The Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur in 1526 and reached its peak in the 17th century. Key rulers included Akbar (religious tolerance and centralized governance), Jahangir (arts and culture advancement), and Shah Jahan (Taj Mahal icon).

Berdirinya dan Kejayaan Dinasti Mughal

• Didirikan oleh Babur pada 1526 M
• Akbar: toleransi beragama dan pemerintahan terpusat
• Jahangir: memajukan seni dan budaya
• Shah Jahan: Taj Mahal sebagai ikon arsitektur
• Puncak kejayaan Mughal di abad ke-17

After Aurangzeb's death in 1707, internal conflicts including succession struggles, corruption, provincial rebellions, and economic weakness caused the gradual collapse of Mughal central power. The rise of Maratha forces under Shivaji and Sikhs in Punjab seized territories, challenging imperial authority and hastening the empire's near-disappearance.

Kemunduran Dinasti Mughal

The slide outlines British entry and domination in India, beginning with the East India Company's victory at the Battle of Plassey in 1757 over the Bengal Nawab. It marks the end of Mughal rule in 1857 via the Sepoy Mutiny, which exiled the emperor, spanning 100 years of expansion to full colonial control.

Masuknya dan Dominasi Inggris

• 1757: Battle of Plassey

EIC defeats Bengal Nawab

• 1857: End of Mughal Rule

Sepoy Mutiny exiled emperor

• 100: Years of Expansion

Plassey to full British colony

The conclusion slide states that India was divided before the Mughal era, united and advanced under Mughal rule, and colonial afterward. It ends with thanks and a call to discuss the Mughal impact on modern India.

Kesimpulan

Terpecah sebelum, bersatu & maju di Mughal, kolonial sesudah.

Terima kasih! Diskusikan dampak Mughal pada India modern.

Source: Kondisi India Sebelum dan Sesudah Dinasti Mughal