Slide 1 of 15
Slide 1 - Lecture on Fluid Machinery
Fluid Machinery Turbomachinery, Pumps & Compressors
Key Concepts and Principles from Mechanical Engineering
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Photo by Susan Wilkinson on Unsplash
Fluid Machinery: Turbomachinery, Pumps & Compressors
Generated from prompt:
Make a presentation about lecture for fluid machinery
This lecture covers key concepts in fluid machinery from mechanical engineering, including turbomachinery fundamentals, centrifugal compressors, pumps, their principles, energy transfer mechanisms, and industrial applications.
February 23, 202615 slides
Slide 3 of 15
Slide 3 - Section 1
1
Introduction to Fluid Machinery
Machines that transfer energy between rotors and fluids
Slide 4 of 15
Slide 4 - What is Fluid Machinery?
- Fluid machinery transfers energy between a rotor and a fluid (turbomachinery)
- Pumps add energy to fluids (liquids or gases)
- Turbines extract energy from fluids
- Compressors add energy to gases
- Governed by Newton's 2nd law and Euler's equations
Source: Wikipedia: Turbomachinery, Pump
Slide 5 of 15
Slide 5 - Section 2
2
Turbomachinery Fundamentals
Turbines, Compressors, and Pumps
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Slide 6 of 15
Slide 6 - Turbines vs. Compressors/Pumps
Turbines Transfer energy FROM fluid TO rotor Extract kinetic energy from flowing fluid Used in power generation (e.g., steam/gas turbines)
Compressors & Pumps Transfer energy FROM rotor TO fluid Add energy via impeller/rotor Compressors for gases, pumps for liquids
Source: Wikipedia: Turbomachinery
Slide 7 of 15
Slide 7 - Turbomachinery Principle
- Energy transfer via rotating impeller
- Applies to compressible (gases) and incompressible (liquids) fluids
- Euler's equation governs performance
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Source: Wikipedia: Turbomachinery
Slide 8 of 15
Slide 8 - Section 3
3
Centrifugal Compressors
Impeller and Diffuser Mechanism
Slide 9 of 15
Slide 9 - How Centrifugal Compressors Work
- Dynamic, axisymmetric turbomachinery
- Energy added to fluid via rotating impeller
- Kinetic energy converted to static pressure in diffuser
- Impeller pressure rise ≈ diffuser rise
- Used for continuous fluid flow compression
Source: Wikipedia: Centrifugal compressor
Slide 10 of 15
Slide 10 - Centrifugal Compressor Workflow
| Stage | Process |
|---|---|
| Inlet | Fluid enters axially |
| Impeller | Energy added, flow accelerated radially |
| Diffuser | Velocity reduced, pressure increased |
| Outlet | High-pressure fluid exits |
Source: Wikipedia: Centrifugal compressor
Slide 11 of 15
Slide 11 - Section 4
4
Pumps
Moving Fluids Mechanically
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Slide 12 of 15
Slide 12 - Pumps: Definition and Applications
- Devices that move fluids (liquids/gases) mechanically
- Convert electrical energy to hydraulic/pneumatic energy
- Applications: water pumping, fuel injection, oil/gas, HVAC, medical
- Single-stage vs. multi-stage (series mechanisms)
- Centrifugal pumps are turbomachines for liquids
Source: Wikipedia: Pump
Slide 13 of 15
Slide 13 - Centrifugal Pump Example
- Similar to compressors but for liquids
- Impeller accelerates fluid outward
- Diffuser/volute converts velocity to pressure
- Widely used in industry
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Photo by Georg Eiermann on Unsplash
Source: Wikipedia: Pump
Slide 14 of 15
Slide 14 - Key Insight
> Turbomachinery... is an important application of fluid mechanics.
— Wikipedia on Turbomachinery
Source: Wikipedia: Turbomachinery
Slide 15 of 15
Slide 15 - Conclusion
Fluid Machinery: Essential for Energy Transfer in Fluids
Turbomachinery principles apply to pumps, compressors, and turbines across industries.
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Photo by Conny Schneider on Unsplash
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