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Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies: 1. Water Apportionment Accord 1991 (WAA 1991): The rigid water-sharing formula doesn’t account for climate change, reduced flows, or groundwater. It lacks provisions for regulating excess flood flows or groundwater depletion. Hill-torrent potential (8 MAF) is unaddressed in provincial allocations. 2. National Water Policy 2018 (NWP 2018): The policy suffers from unclear federal-provincial roles, overemphasis on infrastructure, and neglect of water efficiency. There’s no strategy for the Water-Food-Energy Nexus or alignment with SDGs. Water theft, pricing, and metering are unaddressed. 3. National Climate Change Policy 2021 (NCCP 2021): Lacks clear priorities, integration with water policy, and actionable plans. No financial mechanisms or effective local governance for climate resilience. 4. Cross Domain Impact: No accountability mechanism for provincial non-compliance, data manipulation, or over-withdrawal. Weak governance linkages between climate, water, and energy. Limited enforcement authority within IRSA. No framework for water-food-energy nexus.
This presentation critiques Pakistan's key policies: the 1991 Water Apportionment Accord's failure to address climate change and groundwater; the 2018 National Water Policy's unclear roles and infrast
The slide, titled "Analysis of Pakistan's Water and Climate Policies," presents an overview of critical issues within these key policies. It highlights their cross-domain impacts, emphasizing interconnected challenges in water management and climate adaptation.
Overview of Critical Issues in Key Policies and Cross-Domain Impacts
The presentation agenda outlines key topics on water and climate policies, starting with an introduction to the rigid WAA 1991 framework that overlooks climate change and groundwater. It proceeds to analyze the National Water Policy 2018's shortcomings in roles and efficiency, reviews gaps in the National Climate Change Policy 2021 for resilience, examines cross-domain impacts on governance and the water-climate-energy nexus, and ends with conclusions and recommendations for better alignment.
Overview of rigid water-sharing formula ignoring climate change and groundwater issues.
Analysis of unclear roles, infrastructure focus, and neglect of water efficiency and nexus.
Review of lacking priorities, integration, actionable plans, and financial mechanisms for resilience.
Examination of governance gaps, non-compliance, and weak linkages in water-climate-energy nexus.
Summary of key findings and proposed strategies for improved policy alignment. Source: Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies
The slide introduces Section 02 of the presentation on the Water Apportionment Accord 1991 (WAA 1991), focusing on its key shortcomings. It highlights the accord's rigid water-sharing framework, which fails to account for climate variability and groundwater depletion.
02
Rigid water-sharing framework overlooks climate variability and groundwater depletion
Source: Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies Analysis
The Water Apportionment Accord (WAA) of 1991 overlooks critical environmental factors, including climate change, reduced water flows, and groundwater dynamics. It also lacks mechanisms for flood regulation and depletion control, while failing to incorporate the untapped potential of hill-torrents, estimated at 8 million acre-feet, into its allocations.
Source: Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies
The slide introduces the section on "NWP 2018 Implementation Challenges" under the National Water Policy 2018. It highlights key issues including unclear roles, a bias toward infrastructure development, and neglected strategies for water efficiency.
Unclear roles, infrastructure bias, and neglected water efficiency strategies
The NWP 2018 slide highlights key shortcomings, including unclear federal-provincial roles, an overemphasis on infrastructure at the expense of efficiency measures, and a failure to integrate the Water-Food-Energy Nexus. It also notes a lack of alignment with Sustainable Development Goals and unaddressed challenges like water theft, pricing, and metering.
The slide serves as a section header for "Gaps in NCCP 2021 Integration" within the National Climate Change Policy 2021 framework, marking it as section 03. It highlights key shortcomings, including the absence of defined priorities, alignment with water policies, actionable implementation plans, and mechanisms for building resilience.
03
Lacks priorities, water policy alignment, actionable plans, and resilience mechanisms
Source: Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies Analysis
The NCCP 2021 slide highlights key limitations, including a lack of clear priorities for climate action and insufficient integration with national water policy. It also points out the absence of actionable implementation plans, dedicated financial mechanisms for resilience, and effective local governance for adaptation.
Source: Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies
The slide titled "Cross-Domain Impacts" serves as a section header in the presentation. It features a subtitle highlighting broader governance and enforcement challenges within Pakistan's water and climate policies.
Broader governance and enforcement challenges in Pakistan's water and climate policies.
Source: Analysis of Pakistan's Water Apportionment Accord, Water & Climate Policies
The slide highlights key cross-domain issues in water management, starting with accountability and compliance gaps under the Water Apportionment Accord, where the lack of mechanisms for provincial non-compliance, data manipulation, or over-withdrawal leads to inequities, unsustainable groundwater use, and exacerbated water scarcity from unaddressed flood flows amid climate variability. It also addresses integration and enforcement deficiencies, including weak linkages between climate, water, and energy sectors, limited authority for IRSA enforcement, and the absence of a Water-Food-Energy Nexus framework in policies like NWP 2018 and NCCP 2021, which undermine coordination and alignment with SDGs.
| Accountability and Compliance Gaps | Integration and Enforcement Deficiencies |
|---|---|
| No accountability mechanisms for provincial non-compliance, data manipulation, or over-withdrawal under the Water Apportionment Accord. This fosters inequities, unsustainable groundwater use, and unaddressed flood flows, exacerbating water scarcity amid climate variability. | Weak governance linkages between climate, water, and energy sectors. Limited IRSA enforcement authority and absence of a Water-Food-Energy Nexus framework in policies like NWP 2018 and NCCP 2021 hinder cross-domain coordination and SDG alignment. |
Source: Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies
The conclusion slide emphasizes the urgent need for policy reforms in Pakistan to tackle climate variability, governance challenges, and integrated nexus approaches for sustainable water management. It calls for immediate action under the subtitle "Reform Now for a Resilient Future."
Urgent need for policy reforms addressing climate variability, governance, and integrated nexus approaches to ensure sustainable water management in Pakistan.
Reform Now for a Resilient Future
Source: Analysis of Water Apportionment Accord, Pakistan's Water & Climate Policies
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